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Noun(1) an abnormally small head and underdeveloped brain

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(1) Some anthropologists have suggested that the hobbits could be modern-human dwarfs with a condition called microcephaly , a condition of abnormal smallness of the head.(2) Congenital brain anomalies like microcephaly , abnormal cortical mantle formation, agenesis of the corpus callosum have been reported.(3) However, three or more minor malformations, especially if associated with short stature or failure to thrive, microcephaly or developmental delay, should engender further investigation.(4) She has a number of complex conditions including congenital microcephaly and cerebral palsy.(5) If untreated, the disorder results in mental retardation, microcephaly , delayed speech, seizures, eczema and behavior abnormalities.(6) The scaling of brain to body isn't at all what we'd expect to find in pygmies, and the shape is all wrong to be a microcephalic .(7) Affected children are microcephalic , have intractable seizures, and their neurological development is severely impaired.(8) There is a happy compromise, a synthesis: just agree that he's microcephalous but with a higher brain-fat ratio than your average pinhead.(9) Whether the tiny people of Flores were indeed microcephalic modern types, or whether they represent a pygmy version of so-called Homo erectus, the point is really the same.(10) Specifically, the head circumference of a microcephalic infant, measured by encircling the forehead and the occiput, or back of the skull, is three standard deviations or more below normal.(11) But really I was quite serious for I have always believed that the mottled tangle of our elusive lives demands such essential change; that Communism shall indeed create a beautifully square world of identical brawny fellows, broad-shouldered and microcephalous ; and that a hostile attitude toward it is both childish and preconceived…(12) Being microcephalous [having an abnormally tiny head] is a misfortune, and nothing to boast of.(13) Because Smith's head is small for his shoulders you call him microcephalous ; if it had been large, you'd have called it water-on-the-brain.(14) But Falk and colleagues only compare the Flores fossil to one poorly matched microcephalic skull of a modern human.
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